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Semaglutide as an Antidiabetic Medication: A Summary of the Evidence from the Semaglutide Unabated Sustainability in Treatment of Type 2 Diabetes Clinical Trial Program

Received: 27 November 2021     Accepted: 14 December 2021     Published: 24 December 2021
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Abstract

Background: The Semaglutide Unabated Sustainability in Treatment of Type 2 Diabetes (SUSTAIN) clinical trial program was a phase III, multinational, multicenter program comprising 13 trials. Objective: Investigate the safety and efficacy of once-weekly, subcutaneous semaglutide versus other antidiabetic comparators, both as a monotherapy and in addition to other antidiabetic medications. Methods: This review summarizes the 10 trials that comprise the bulk of the evidence which led to FDA approval of semaglutide as an antidiabetic drug. Most articles were accessed via the National Center for Biotechnology Information database using pertinent search terms. Results: Semaglutide 0.5 mg and 1 mg weekly subcutaneous injection led to HA1c reductions by 1.1%–1.5% and 1.5%–1.8%, respectively. Bodyweight reduction with 0.5 mg and 1 mg dose of semaglutide ranged from 3.47–4.6 kg and 4.53–6.5 kg, respectively. SUSTAIN 6, in particular, found cardiovascular risk factor benefits, including the rate of nonfatal myocardial infarction, cardiovascular death and nonfatal strokes in high-risk patients correlated with the use of semaglutide in patients with type 2 diabetes. Conclusions: Semaglutide is superior to other glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonists, including exenatide, dulaglutide, and liraglutide in hemoglobin A1c reduction. It is also helpful for chronic weight loss and has cardioprotective effects.

Published in International Journal of Diabetes and Endocrinology (Volume 6, Issue 4)
DOI 10.11648/j.ijde.20210604.17
Page(s) 167-174
Creative Commons

This is an Open Access article, distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted use, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, provided the original work is properly cited.

Copyright

Copyright © The Author(s), 2021. Published by Science Publishing Group

Keywords

Semaglutide, SUSTAIN, Incretin Therapy, GLP-1 Analog, Antidiabetic Therapy, Type Two Diabetes

References
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Cite This Article
  • APA Style

    Gurdeep Singh, Matthew Krauthamer, Meghan Bjalme-Evans. (2021). Semaglutide as an Antidiabetic Medication: A Summary of the Evidence from the Semaglutide Unabated Sustainability in Treatment of Type 2 Diabetes Clinical Trial Program. International Journal of Diabetes and Endocrinology, 6(4), 167-174. https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ijde.20210604.17

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    ACS Style

    Gurdeep Singh; Matthew Krauthamer; Meghan Bjalme-Evans. Semaglutide as an Antidiabetic Medication: A Summary of the Evidence from the Semaglutide Unabated Sustainability in Treatment of Type 2 Diabetes Clinical Trial Program. Int. J. Diabetes Endocrinol. 2021, 6(4), 167-174. doi: 10.11648/j.ijde.20210604.17

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    AMA Style

    Gurdeep Singh, Matthew Krauthamer, Meghan Bjalme-Evans. Semaglutide as an Antidiabetic Medication: A Summary of the Evidence from the Semaglutide Unabated Sustainability in Treatment of Type 2 Diabetes Clinical Trial Program. Int J Diabetes Endocrinol. 2021;6(4):167-174. doi: 10.11648/j.ijde.20210604.17

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  • @article{10.11648/j.ijde.20210604.17,
      author = {Gurdeep Singh and Matthew Krauthamer and Meghan Bjalme-Evans},
      title = {Semaglutide as an Antidiabetic Medication: A Summary of the Evidence from the Semaglutide Unabated Sustainability in Treatment of Type 2 Diabetes Clinical Trial Program},
      journal = {International Journal of Diabetes and Endocrinology},
      volume = {6},
      number = {4},
      pages = {167-174},
      doi = {10.11648/j.ijde.20210604.17},
      url = {https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ijde.20210604.17},
      eprint = {https://article.sciencepublishinggroup.com/pdf/10.11648.j.ijde.20210604.17},
      abstract = {Background: The Semaglutide Unabated Sustainability in Treatment of Type 2 Diabetes (SUSTAIN) clinical trial program was a phase III, multinational, multicenter program comprising 13 trials. Objective: Investigate the safety and efficacy of once-weekly, subcutaneous semaglutide versus other antidiabetic comparators, both as a monotherapy and in addition to other antidiabetic medications. Methods: This review summarizes the 10 trials that comprise the bulk of the evidence which led to FDA approval of semaglutide as an antidiabetic drug. Most articles were accessed via the National Center for Biotechnology Information database using pertinent search terms. Results: Semaglutide 0.5 mg and 1 mg weekly subcutaneous injection led to HA1c reductions by 1.1%–1.5% and 1.5%–1.8%, respectively. Bodyweight reduction with 0.5 mg and 1 mg dose of semaglutide ranged from 3.47–4.6 kg and 4.53–6.5 kg, respectively. SUSTAIN 6, in particular, found cardiovascular risk factor benefits, including the rate of nonfatal myocardial infarction, cardiovascular death and nonfatal strokes in high-risk patients correlated with the use of semaglutide in patients with type 2 diabetes. Conclusions: Semaglutide is superior to other glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonists, including exenatide, dulaglutide, and liraglutide in hemoglobin A1c reduction. It is also helpful for chronic weight loss and has cardioprotective effects.},
     year = {2021}
    }
    

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  • TY  - JOUR
    T1  - Semaglutide as an Antidiabetic Medication: A Summary of the Evidence from the Semaglutide Unabated Sustainability in Treatment of Type 2 Diabetes Clinical Trial Program
    AU  - Gurdeep Singh
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    AU  - Meghan Bjalme-Evans
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    JF  - International Journal of Diabetes and Endocrinology
    JO  - International Journal of Diabetes and Endocrinology
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    EP  - 174
    PB  - Science Publishing Group
    SN  - 2640-1371
    UR  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ijde.20210604.17
    AB  - Background: The Semaglutide Unabated Sustainability in Treatment of Type 2 Diabetes (SUSTAIN) clinical trial program was a phase III, multinational, multicenter program comprising 13 trials. Objective: Investigate the safety and efficacy of once-weekly, subcutaneous semaglutide versus other antidiabetic comparators, both as a monotherapy and in addition to other antidiabetic medications. Methods: This review summarizes the 10 trials that comprise the bulk of the evidence which led to FDA approval of semaglutide as an antidiabetic drug. Most articles were accessed via the National Center for Biotechnology Information database using pertinent search terms. Results: Semaglutide 0.5 mg and 1 mg weekly subcutaneous injection led to HA1c reductions by 1.1%–1.5% and 1.5%–1.8%, respectively. Bodyweight reduction with 0.5 mg and 1 mg dose of semaglutide ranged from 3.47–4.6 kg and 4.53–6.5 kg, respectively. SUSTAIN 6, in particular, found cardiovascular risk factor benefits, including the rate of nonfatal myocardial infarction, cardiovascular death and nonfatal strokes in high-risk patients correlated with the use of semaglutide in patients with type 2 diabetes. Conclusions: Semaglutide is superior to other glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonists, including exenatide, dulaglutide, and liraglutide in hemoglobin A1c reduction. It is also helpful for chronic weight loss and has cardioprotective effects.
    VL  - 6
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  • Our Lady of Lourdes Memorial Hospital, Binghamton, New York, USA

  • Our Lady of Lourdes Memorial Hospital, Binghamton, New York, USA

  • Our Lady of Lourdes Memorial Hospital, Binghamton, New York, USA

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