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Effects of Insulin Resistance Induced by Dexamethasone on Bone Mass in Ovariectomized Rats

Received: 17 September 2018     Accepted: 11 October 2018     Published: 7 November 2018
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Abstract

Glucocorticoids therapy is the most common cause of secondary iatrogenic osteoporosis.The bone loss occurs predominantly due to a decrease in bone formation, although increased bone resorption also occurs. Insulin resistance is the key pathology in type 2 diabetes negatively influence bone remodeling and leads to reduced bone strength. Loss of sex steroids, particularly oestradiol, as in ovariectomized rats,leads to increased skeletal remodeling over and above the age-related increment, together with excessive osteoclast activity. In this study, ovariectomy DEX group has highly significant increase in relative cortical resorptioncompared to ovaiectomy and sham DEX groups, also ovariectomy and DEX group has highly significant decrease in bone thickness compared to ovariectomy and sham DEX groups. The consequent increase in remodeling activation increases the overall resorption rate without a compensatory increase in formation, leading to rapid bone loss.This negative effect on bone which is due to the glucocorticoid excess is also mediated by indirect mechanisms such as the calcium malabsorption and hypercalciuria. In response to the enhanced supply of calcium from the skeleton, PTH secretion tends to be diminished, thereby reducing vitamin D [1,25(OH)2 cholecalciferol] concentration with a consequent reduction in calcium absorption.

Published in International Journal of Diabetes and Endocrinology (Volume 3, Issue 3)
DOI 10.11648/j.ijde.20180303.12
Page(s) 41-49
Creative Commons

This is an Open Access article, distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted use, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, provided the original work is properly cited.

Copyright

Copyright © The Author(s), 2018. Published by Science Publishing Group

Keywords

Dexamethasone, Insulin Resistance, Ovariectomy, Bone Mass, Osteoporosis

References
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  • APA Style

    Mahmoud H. El-Bidawy. (2018). Effects of Insulin Resistance Induced by Dexamethasone on Bone Mass in Ovariectomized Rats. International Journal of Diabetes and Endocrinology, 3(3), 41-49. https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ijde.20180303.12

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    ACS Style

    Mahmoud H. El-Bidawy. Effects of Insulin Resistance Induced by Dexamethasone on Bone Mass in Ovariectomized Rats. Int. J. Diabetes Endocrinol. 2018, 3(3), 41-49. doi: 10.11648/j.ijde.20180303.12

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    AMA Style

    Mahmoud H. El-Bidawy. Effects of Insulin Resistance Induced by Dexamethasone on Bone Mass in Ovariectomized Rats. Int J Diabetes Endocrinol. 2018;3(3):41-49. doi: 10.11648/j.ijde.20180303.12

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  • @article{10.11648/j.ijde.20180303.12,
      author = {Mahmoud H. El-Bidawy},
      title = {Effects of Insulin Resistance Induced by Dexamethasone on Bone Mass in Ovariectomized Rats},
      journal = {International Journal of Diabetes and Endocrinology},
      volume = {3},
      number = {3},
      pages = {41-49},
      doi = {10.11648/j.ijde.20180303.12},
      url = {https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ijde.20180303.12},
      eprint = {https://article.sciencepublishinggroup.com/pdf/10.11648.j.ijde.20180303.12},
      abstract = {Glucocorticoids therapy is the most common cause of secondary iatrogenic osteoporosis.The bone loss occurs predominantly due to a decrease in bone formation, although increased bone resorption also occurs. Insulin resistance is the key pathology in type 2 diabetes negatively influence bone remodeling and leads to reduced bone strength. Loss of sex steroids, particularly oestradiol, as in ovariectomized rats,leads to increased skeletal remodeling over and above the age-related increment, together with excessive osteoclast activity. In this study, ovariectomy DEX group has highly significant increase in relative cortical resorptioncompared to ovaiectomy and sham DEX groups, also ovariectomy and DEX group has highly significant decrease in bone thickness compared to ovariectomy and sham DEX groups. The consequent increase in remodeling activation increases the overall resorption rate without a compensatory increase in formation, leading to rapid bone loss.This negative effect on bone which is due to the glucocorticoid excess is also mediated by indirect mechanisms such as the calcium malabsorption and hypercalciuria. In response to the enhanced supply of calcium from the skeleton, PTH secretion tends to be diminished, thereby reducing vitamin D [1,25(OH)2 cholecalciferol] concentration with a consequent reduction in calcium absorption.},
     year = {2018}
    }
    

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  • TY  - JOUR
    T1  - Effects of Insulin Resistance Induced by Dexamethasone on Bone Mass in Ovariectomized Rats
    AU  - Mahmoud H. El-Bidawy
    Y1  - 2018/11/07
    PY  - 2018
    N1  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ijde.20180303.12
    DO  - 10.11648/j.ijde.20180303.12
    T2  - International Journal of Diabetes and Endocrinology
    JF  - International Journal of Diabetes and Endocrinology
    JO  - International Journal of Diabetes and Endocrinology
    SP  - 41
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    PB  - Science Publishing Group
    SN  - 2640-1371
    UR  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ijde.20180303.12
    AB  - Glucocorticoids therapy is the most common cause of secondary iatrogenic osteoporosis.The bone loss occurs predominantly due to a decrease in bone formation, although increased bone resorption also occurs. Insulin resistance is the key pathology in type 2 diabetes negatively influence bone remodeling and leads to reduced bone strength. Loss of sex steroids, particularly oestradiol, as in ovariectomized rats,leads to increased skeletal remodeling over and above the age-related increment, together with excessive osteoclast activity. In this study, ovariectomy DEX group has highly significant increase in relative cortical resorptioncompared to ovaiectomy and sham DEX groups, also ovariectomy and DEX group has highly significant decrease in bone thickness compared to ovariectomy and sham DEX groups. The consequent increase in remodeling activation increases the overall resorption rate without a compensatory increase in formation, leading to rapid bone loss.This negative effect on bone which is due to the glucocorticoid excess is also mediated by indirect mechanisms such as the calcium malabsorption and hypercalciuria. In response to the enhanced supply of calcium from the skeleton, PTH secretion tends to be diminished, thereby reducing vitamin D [1,25(OH)2 cholecalciferol] concentration with a consequent reduction in calcium absorption.
    VL  - 3
    IS  - 3
    ER  - 

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Author Information
  • Department of BMS, Division of Physiology, College of Medicine, Prince Sattam Ibn Abdulaziz University, AlKharj, Saudi Arabia

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